UNVEILING THE ENIGMA: A CASE REPORT OF ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA IN THE HARD PALATE

Savita S Shiragur,*
Sahana Srinath,
Suganya G,
Akalya Purushothaman,
Ninad V Chavan

Abstract

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ADCC) was initially documented in 1853 and later termed by Spies in 1930. Previously perceived as benign, its malignant characteristics were elucidated in 1943. ADCC commonly originates from salivary glands, particularly from the ductal cells and myoepithelial cells, with key molecular abnormalities involving MYB and NFIB gene translocations. Clinically, ADCC predominantly affects adults aged 40-60 years with a slight female predominance and commonly arises in minor salivary glands. It presents as a painless, gradually enlarging mass. Histopathologically, ADCC exhibits cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns, with the solid subtype often indicating a poorer prognosis, and perineural invasion being a hallmark. Diagnostic challenges include distinguishing ADCC from similar tumors like polymorphous adenocarcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma. Management involves surgical excision, radiation, and chemotherapy. Here we present a case of ADCC involving the hard palate in a 70-year-old male patient and a review of relevant literature.